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First german translation
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lang/de/help/quiz/calculated.html
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lang/de/help/quiz/calculated.html
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>Berechnete Fragen</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<p align="center"><b>Berechnete Fragen</b></p>
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Calculated questions offers a way to create individual numerical
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question by the use of wildcards that are substituted with
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individual values when the quiz is taken.<br>
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Below is a shrunken view of the main editing page with some
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example inputs:<br>
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr valign="top">
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<td align="right">
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<p><b>Question:</b></p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<textarea id="questiontext" name="questiontext" rows="5" cols=
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"40" wrap="virtual">
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How much is {a} + {b} ?
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</textarea></td>
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</tr>
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<tr valign="top">
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<td align="right">
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<p><b>Image to display:</b></p>
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</td>
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<td><select name="image">
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<option value="" selected="selected">None</option>
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<option value="grevture.gif">grevture.gif</option>
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</select></td>
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</tr>
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<tr valign="top">
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<td align="right">
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<p><b>Correct Answer Formula:</b></p>
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</td>
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<td><input align="left" type="text" id="formula0" name="answer[]"
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size="20" value="{a} + {b}"> <input type="hidden" name=
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"fraction[]" value="1.0"></td>
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</tr>
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<tr valign="top">
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<td align="right">
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<p><b>Tolerance:</b></p>
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</td>
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<td><input align="left" type="text" id="tolerance0"" name=
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"tolerance[]" size="15" value="0.01">±</td>
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</tr>
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<tr valign="top">
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<td align="right">
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<p><b>Tolerance Type:</b></p>
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</td>
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<td><select name="tolerancetype[]">
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<option value="1" selected="selected">Relative</option>
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<option value="2">Nominal</option>
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<option value="3">Geometric</option>
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</select></td>
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</tr>
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<tr valign="top">
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<td align="right">
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<p><b>Significant Figures:</b></p>
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</td>
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<td><select name="correctanswerlength[]">
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<option value="1">1</option>
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<option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
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<option value="3">3</option>
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<option value="4">4</option>
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<option value="5">5</option>
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<option value="6">6</option>
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<option value="7">7</option>
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<option value="8">8</option>
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<option value="9">9</option>
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<option value="10">10</option>
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</select></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<br>
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In the question text input and "Correct Answer Formula" {a} and
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{b} can be seen. These and any other {name} can be used as a
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wildcard that is substituted by some value when the quiz is
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taken. Also, the correct answer is calculated when the quiz is
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submitted using the expression in "Correct Answer Formula", which
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is calculated as a numerical expression after the substitution of
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the wildcards. The possible wildcard values are set or generated
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on a later page in "editing wizard" for calculated
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questions...<br>
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The example formula uses the operator +. Other accepted operators
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are -*/ and % where % is the modulo operator. It is also possible
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to use some PHP-style mathematical function. Among these there
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are 24 single-argument function:<br>
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<b>abs, acos, acosh, asin, asinh, atan, atanh, ceil, cos, cosh,
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deg2rad, exp, expm1, floor, log, log10, log1p, rad2deg, round,
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sin, sinh, sprt, tan, tanh</b><br>
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and two two-argument functions<br>
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<b>atan2, pow</b><br>
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and the functions <b>min</b> and <b>max</b> that can take two or
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more arguments. It is also possible to use the function <b>pi</b>
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that takes no arguments but do not forget the use the parentheses
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- the correct usage is <b>pi()</b>. Similary the other function
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must have their argument(s) within parentheses. Possible usage is
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for example <b>sin({a}) + cos({b}) * 2</b>. It should not be any
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problem to wrap functions within eachother like
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<b>cos(deg2rad({a} + 90))</b> etc.<br>
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More details on how to use these PHP-style functions can be found
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in the <a target="phpmathdoc" href=
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"http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.math.php">documentation at the
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PHP web site</a><br>
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<br>
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As for numerical questions it is possible to allow a margin
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within which all responses are accepted as correct. The
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"Tolerance" field is used for this. However, there are three
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different types of tolerances. These are <b>Relative, Nominal and
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Geometric</b>. If we say that the correct answer at quiz time is
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calculated to 200 and the tolerance is set to 0.5 then the
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different tolerance types work like this:<br>
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<br>
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<b>Relative:</b> A tolerance interval is calculated by
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multiplying the correct answer with 0.5, ie in this case we get
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100 so for this tolerance the correct response must be between
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100 and 300. (200 ± 100)<br>
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This is useful if the magnitude of the correct answer can differ
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greatly between different wildcard values.<br>
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<br>
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<b>Nominal:</b> This is the simpliest tolerance type but not very
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powerful. The correct response must be between 199.5 and 200.5
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(200 ± 0.5)<br>
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This tolerance type can be useful if the differences between
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different correct answers are small.<br>
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<br>
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<b>Geometric:</b> The upper limit of the tolerance interval is
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calculated as 200 + 0.5*200 and is the same as for the relative
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case. The lower limit is calculated as 200/(1 + 0.5). The correct
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response must then be between 133.33 and 300.<br>
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This is useful for complex calculation that must have great
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tolerances where relative tolerances of 1 or more would be used
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for the upper limit but clearly not acceptable for the lower
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limit as it would make zero a correct answer for all cases.<br>
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<br>
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The field <b>Significant Figures</b> does only relate to how the
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correct answer should be presented in the review or the reports.
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Examples: If it is set to 3 then the correct answer 13.333 would
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be presented as 13.3; 1236 would be presented as 1240; 23 would
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be presented as 23.0 etc.<br>
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<br>
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The feedback field and the optional unit fields work just like
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they do for numerical questions.<br>
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</body>
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</html>
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